當人一出世，就必須面對人際關係的各種情境。中學生正值青春時期，身心變化極大，情緒不穩定，對於外界的暗示與影響非常敏感。他們渴望成為團體的一份子，也希望能有知心的朋友，如果他自覺無法與他人維持正常的人際關係時，他會顯示出焦慮，自我防衛，甚至攻擊的行為來。
從許多的研究當中發現，輔導的方法能夠幫助學生改善人際關係，除了個別諮商，團體輔導，角色扮演外，還有應用錄影的方式，使來談者觀看自己的行為後，產生洞察，進而修正自我的觀念或行為。
本研究的目的，即是根據輔導的原理，針對國中人際關係欠佳的學生提出如下的假設：
1.輔導的實施，有助於改善人際關係欠佳的國中學生。
2.輔導的實施，有助於改善班級的社會結構。
從控制組與實驗組的「班級社交結構圖」的比較，以及T-tcst檢驗結果發現輔導的實施與否，對改善學生的人際關係，和促進班級的社會結構或教室氣氛頗具成效，這個結果不僅說明了輔導在教育應用上的價值，也提供了進一步研究的方向。

一、中文部份
宗亮東等 指導活動理論與實施，台北，正中，民58年。
張春興、林清山 教育心理學，文景，台北，民63年。
張春興 心理學，東華，台北，民65年。
郭為藩 自我心理學，開山書店，台北，民61年。
陳鼓應 存在主義，商務，台北，民60年。
許錫珍、蔡淑惠 國中學生社交與輔導之研究，輔導月刊，卷13、4、5、6期，65年。
雲五社會科學大辭典 心理學（第九冊），台北，商務，民60年。
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