俄羅斯，作為一個民族，事實上並不比世界上任何民族更加崇尚極權的生活方式，它有其滄桑歷史的一面。在歷史的過程中，這民族的奮鬪和其他世界任何民族一樣，當初也具有其理想崇高的方向。無可厚非的，任何一個民族都希望自己的這民族強大、安寧和生活合理；這是民族自尊心的驅使，任何民族亦然，俄羅斯民族絕無例外。
這篇論文，正是試圖從歷史的角度，探討其革命最初的誘因、為何最後理想被歪曲與利用、和革命最後的性質是什麼。它的方向，是以解析革命理論鬪爭發展的方式著手。它的動機，無非是想說明俄國革命的本貿和其最後的性質，從而提供俄羅斯民族一個歷史真正應走的方向的參考。
這篇論文，主題是由列寧主義一部份的論題擴充而來。作為一種研究論文，它也許是大了一些，但對於俄國革命本質上的瞭解，它卻大有幫助。當初試圖接近它時，筆者曾再三的鼓勵自己，才有勇氣這樣作。接受它，著實不太容易。在筆者三年求學於研究所期間，它就花費了筆者足足二年的光陰，並犧牲了大半的娛樂和應有的休息時間。
在寫作的這兩年，是一段艱苦的歷程。有一半時間，筆者必須絞盡腦汁去思考和理解各種概念。這對於一個剛涉獵馬列主義思想者，的確是件困擾的事情，因為他唯一能做的，只是反芻他第一年所學的極為簡單的基本觀念，他沒有能力在這一年極少的時間內，探討深奧的思想和理論問題。其次，另一半的時間，筆者必須費盡心機地去搜羅各種資料，原因是國內關於這方面的參考圖書館如沙漠中的水源，極為缺乏，對於資料的散亂和缺失不全，曾使筆者這項工作進行的相當懊喪；國內的各主要圖書館的收藏數量，太使他失望了。不過，關於這方面的不足，幸賴曹師伯一及吾友Dan, Miller先生於百忙中概予援助，何能彌補一二。當然在此，特別感謝曹師的厚愛和Miller先生在資料上的援手。
本篇論文的寫作，曾積欠鄭學稼老師思想上的債務。在研究學習期間，筆者每有疑難請教，鄭師總不厭其煩的予以解惑；尤其在筆者思想的啓蒙階段，鄭師所賜良多，這是筆者難以忘懷的。
最後，筆者要首先感謝郭華倫老師給予這篇論文一個主題和精神上的鼓勵。而在寫作期間，筆者有幸能在蔡維屏先生主持的國際關係研究中心實習，提供筆者一個安心寫作的環境，筆者至為感激。又本論文的寫作，曾蒙曾師和Miller先生、黃天健先生和陳克偉學長對資料的提供，國際關係研究中心、政治作戰學校敵情系、孫逸仙圖書館、政治大學圖書館總館等圖書館予以資料借閱的方便，紀清寅先生在克服語言障礙上的幫助，葉桂美同學於課餘義不容辭幫助本篇論文的辛苦膳寫，特此深致謝意。
當然，筆者能如期完成這篇論文，還賴吾師關素質先生的悉心指導和督促，沒有他，筆者的寫作，將更加困難。
本文如有什麼意見不周之處，尚祈諸位師長先進不吝賜教，俾使筆者能有所改進。
陳 璋 津 一九七六年六月于政大東亞所

一、中文書目：
「聯共（布）黨史簡明教程」，北京人民出版社，一九七五年七月一版。
「馬克思恩格斯全集」第七、十八、十九、、二十、卅三卷。
「馬克思恩格斯選集」第一、三、四卷。
「列寧全集」第一、三、五、七、八、九、十、十二、十三、十五、廿一、廿三、廿四、廿六、廿七、廿八、廿九、卅、卅三、卷。
「列寧文選」兩卷集，第一卷。
「斯大林全集」第一、二、三、六卷。
「普列漢諾夫哲學著作選集」第一卷，北京，生活讀書新知三聯書店，－九六二年版。張蓉初等選譯，「一八二五―一九○五年的俄國」，北京，生活讀書新知三聯書店，一九五七年版。
費拉托娃著，季謙譯，「赫爾岑和奧加略夫的經濟觀點」，北京，生活讀書新知三聯書店，一九五六年。
納•皮魯莫娃著，郭從周譯，「赫爾岑的歷史觀點」，上海，人民出版社，一九五七年六月初版。
留里科夫著，韓凌譯，「車爾尼雪夫斯基」，北京，作家出版社，－九五六年。
布羅茨基主編，蔣路劉遼逸譯，「俄國文學史」下卷，北京作家出版社，一九六二年。
王季平、陳 幻合編，「蘇聯黨爭文獻」，上海新生命書局，民國廿二年四月出版。
何偉澤譯，「托洛斯基自傳」，香港春燕出版社，一九四一年十一月版。
娜•康•克魯普斯卡婭著，哲夫譯，「列寧回憶錄」，北京，人民出版社，一九六○年四月版。
里昂•托洛斯基著，何偉譯，「被背叛的革命」，香港，春燕出版社，出版年月不詳。
A. G. Mazour.著，李邁先譯，「蘇俄的過去與現在」，台北，政工幹部學校，民國四十九年三月初版。
鄭學稼著，「列寧主義國家論之批判」，香港，亞洲出版社，民國四十五年初版。
貝查也夫著，鄭學稼譯，「俄羅斯共產主義之本原」，台北，中華民國國際關係研究所，出版年月不詳。
布楠著，鄭學稼譯，「經理人才革命論」，台北，地平線出版社，民國六十三年六月台一版。
鄭學稼著，「史達林真傳」，香港，亞洲出版社，民國五十九年九月再版。
卡爾•考茨基著，鄭學稼譯，「論無產階級專政」，台北，中華民國國際關係研究所出版，出版年月不詳。
鄭學稼著，「恩格斯修正和歪曲了馬克思的意見」，出自「東亞季刊」第七卷第四期，民國六十五年四月版。
鄭學稼著，「列寧評傳」，台北，中國學術出版社，民國五十九年二月再版。
吉拉斯著，「新階級」，香港自由出版社，民國五十二年二月版。
考茨基著，黃惠平譯，「恐怖主義與共產主義」，台北，學術出版社，民國六十年八月初版。
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