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研究生: 吳英長
論文名稱: 年級和社經地位跟我國學生概念動率的關係
指導教授: 林邦傑
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 教育學院 - 教育學系
Department of Education
論文出版年: 1977
畢業學年度: 66
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 145
中文關鍵詞:
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  • 三百名受試取自國小六年級、國中二年級和高中二年級,以探討年級和社經地位跟我國學生概念動率的關係。
    本研究的自變項是年級和社經地位;應變項是熟悉圖形配對測驗(MFFT)上的反應時間和錯誤次數。統計方法則為2X3多因設計的變異數分析和共變數分析(以智力為共變量)。
    首先比較男女在反應時間和錯誤次數的成績,發現差異都達顯著程度,即男生受試比女生更富沈思型的傾向。因此,男女分開分析以避免性別因素的影響。
    本研究發現,無論是變異數分析或共變數分析的結果,男生的反應時間和錯誤次數都無顯著的社經地位差異。女生方面則較特殊。變異數分析發現錯誤次數的差異,由於智力予以控制便告消失,可是共變分析卻違反同質性假設。
    至於年級的主要效果,男生反應時間的變異數分析没有明顯的差異,智力共變調整後,國二男生卻比高二男生的來得長;錯誤次數剛好相反,變異數分析所發現顯著之差異,當智力予以控制後,即告消失。女生方面,兩種分析都顯示小六女生的反應時間比高二女生的來得長,錯誤次數則均無差異。
    綜結來說,共變數分析的結果跟變異數分析不甚相同,因此探討概念動率的差異,實有將智力加以控制的必要。
    對於熟悉圖形測驗工具的計量性問題,本研究也指出前人研究的一致發現,即無論是再測或內部一致性,錯誤次數的信度都比反應時間的低。另外概念動率與「衝動性人格量表」的關係,本研究也發現很少有顯著相關。


    "圖表摘要
    論文摘要
    第一章 緒論1
    第一節 認知型式的起源1
    第二節 概念動率的重要性3
    第三節 本研究的問題8
    第四節 本研究的統計假設 14
    第五節 名詞定義 15
    第二章 研究理論及有關文献的詳述 20
    第一節 認知型式的定義 20
    第二節 認知型式的種類 23
    第三節 認知型式的理論背景 26
    第四節 概念動率的由來 34
    第五節 信度與效度的建立 35
    第六節 概念動率與智力 43
    第七節 社經地位與概念動率的關係 44
    第八節 概念動率的發展趨勢 47
    第九節 概念動率的動因 50
    第十節 「衝動—沈思」的預測功能 54
    第十一節 「衝動—沈思」型的題解策略與政變 57
    第十二節 熟悉圖形配對測驗工具的批評 60
    第三章 方法 69
    第一節 受試與主試 69
    第二節 研究設計 70
    第三節 測量工具 70
    第四節 研究過程 73
    第五節 統計方法 76
    第四章 結果 77
    第一節 各組受試熟悉圖形配對測驗成績與性別、智力之組內相關 77
    第二節 社經地位與年級跟男生概念動率的關係(假設一至三)82
    第三節 社經地位與年級跟女生概念動率的關係(假設四至六)87
    第四節 衝動性人格量表的考驗 92
    第五章 討論與建議 95
    第一節 討論 95
    第二節 進一步建議105
    參考書目 110
    附錄一 127
    附錄二 130
    附錄三 132
    圖表摘要
    表1-1父母教育程度得分表16
    圖1-1熟悉圖形配對測驗示例(青少年用) 18
    圖1-2熟悉圖形配對測驗示例(小學生用) 18
    圖1-3熟悉圖形配對測驗示例(幼稚園用) 19
    圖1-4瑞文氏非文字推理測驗示例19
    圖2-1概念化型式測驗示例34
    圖2-2圖形回憶測驗示例36
    圖2-3觸視覺配合測驗示例36
    表2-1觸視覺配合測驗、圖形回憶測驗跟熟悉圖形配對測驗的相關37
    表2-2熟悉圖形配合測驗的信度係數40
    表2-3各階段兒童的反應時間和錯誤次數之平均數和中數48
    表3-1各組受試人數的分佈情形69
    表3-2本研究熟悉圖形配對測驗的信度71
    表3-3各年級社經地位分佈情形74
    表4-1各組受試在熟悉圖形配對測驗與瑞文氏非文字推理測驗成績之相關77
    表4-2男生各組受試在熟悉圖形配對測驗和瑞文氏非文字推理測驗上成績之
    平均數,標準差78
    表4-3女生各組受試在熟悉圖形配對測驗和瑞文氏非文字推理測驗上成績之
    平均數,標準差79
    表4-4男女受試在熟悉圖形配對測驗及瑞文氏非文字推理測驗上成績之平均
    數,標準差 81
    表4-5男女生在反應時間上的共變數分析81
    表4-6男女生在錯誤次數上的共變數分析81
    表4-7男生反應時間變異數分析表83
    表4-8男生錯誤次數變異數分析表83
    表4-9男生智力變異數分析表83
    表4-10男生反應時間共變數分析表84
    表4-11男生錯誤次數共變數分析表84
    表4-12女生反應時間變異數分析表88
    表4-13女生錯誤次數變異數分析表88
    表4-14女生智力變異數摘要表88
    表4-15女生反應時間共變摘要表89
    表4-16女生錯誤次數共變摘要表89
    表4-17男生「衝動性人格量表」跟反應時間、錯誤次數和智力的相關93
    表4-18女生「衝動性人格量表」跟反應時間、錯誤次數和智力的相關94
    表5-1男女在熟悉圖形配對測驗上差異96
    表5-2假設被支持或推翻的摘要表97

    吳明清 國小兒童之認知型式及其對題解表現之影響,師大教育研究所集刊,1975,17,19-106。
    吳英長 社會階層在教育上的意義,國教之聲,1977,10(6),3-8。
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    林淑貞 社會階層對智力、人格、學業成就和語文發展的影響。國教之聲,1977,10(6,)13-17。
    陳淑美 年級和家庭社會經濟水準與兒童分類行為之研究。師大教育心理學報,1976,9,52-72。
    張秀敏 學生家長的職業和家庭經濟狀況之資料對教師期待的影響。政大碩士論文,1975年。
    黃堅厚 瑞文氏非文字推理測驗之應用,測驗年刊1964,11,20-23。
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    譚天瑜 國小兒童的性別、社會背景及其語言行為之關係。政大碩士論文,1976年。
    顧浩定 台灣之職業聲望結構。社會學刊,1971,7,67-80。
    郭素蘭等 青少年適應問題之研究。杏壇,1977,30,61-65。
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    補遺
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