後疫情時代下，COVID-19雖已不再是國際關注的公共衛生緊急事件，但在病毒持續變異、免疫保護下降與疫苗接種率停滯的情境下，疫情仍有可能再次爆發。因此，本研究以5C模型為基礎，探討後疫情時代COVID-19疫苗猶豫之形成機制，分析信心、自滿、限制、計算與集體責任對疫苗猶豫的影響，並進一步檢驗疫苗風險感知是否在5C與疫苗猶豫之間發揮中介效果，以及自滿是否調節疫苗風險感知與疫苗猶豫之間的關係。
本研究採網路問卷調查法，以台灣18歲以上民眾為研究對象，共回收212份有效樣本，並透過SPSS PROCESS巨集進行中介效果與調節中介效果分析。研究結果顯示，受測者對COVID-19疫苗接種之信心與集體責任越高，疫苗猶豫程度越低；自滿與限制越高，疫苗猶豫程度亦會隨之提高；其中，信心與集體責任會透過降低疫苗風險感知，進而降低疫苗猶豫，自滿與限制則會透過提升疫苗風險感知，進一步提高疫苗猶豫。相較之下，計算與疫苗風險感知及疫苗猶豫之間皆未呈現顯著關係。
此外，本研究亦發現，自滿會強化疫苗風險感知與疫苗猶豫之間的關係，使信心、限制與集體責任透過疫苗風險感知影響疫苗猶豫之間接效果，在中、高自滿程度者中較為明顯。整體而言，本研究不僅補充5C模型於後疫情時代疫苗猶豫研究中的應用，也可作為政府機構與公共衛生單位未來設計疫苗風險溝通與接種介入策略之參考。

In the post-pandemic era, although COVID-19 no longer constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, the continuing mutation of the virus, waning immune protection, and stagnating vaccination rates suggest that future outbreaks remain possible. Therefore, based on the 5C model, this study examines the formation mechanism of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among people in Taiwan in the post-pandemic era. Specifically, it analyzes the effects of confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility on vaccine hesitancy. It further examines whether vaccine risk perception mediates the relationship between the 5C psychological antecedents and vaccine hesitancy, and whether complacency moderates the relationship between vaccine risk perception and vaccine hesitancy.
This study adopted an online survey method and collected 212 valid responses from people in Taiwan. The mediation and moderated mediation effects were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro. The results showed that higher levels of confidence and collective responsibility toward COVID-19 vaccination were associated with lower vaccine hesitancy, whereas higher levels of complacency and constraints were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy. In addition, confidence and collective responsibility reduced vaccine hesitancy by lowering vaccine risk perception, while complacency and constraints increased vaccine hesitancy by heightening vaccine risk perception. In contrast, calculation did not significantly predict either vaccine risk perception or vaccine hesitancy.
Furthermore, this study found that complacency strengthened the relationship between vaccine risk perception and vaccine hesitancy. As a result, the indirect effects of confidence, constraints, and collective responsibility on vaccine hesitancy through vaccine risk perception were more pronounced among individuals with moderate and high levels of complacency. Overall, this study not only extends the application of the 5C model to vaccine hesitancy research in the post-pandemic era, but also provides practical implications for government agencies and public health authorities in designing future vaccine risk communication and vaccination intervention strategies.

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