歐洲聯盟（以下簡稱歐盟）作為二戰後新功能主義區域整合的典範在對外政策方面長期倚重經貿手段，歐盟透過對外貿易在獲得利益的同時，與其他貿易夥伴順勢展開其他領域的合作，進一步使自身規範和價值觀增加影響力。此間的互動漸漸讓歐盟與其他國家形成不同面向和程度的互賴關係，雖然更高程度的互賴可以使合作程度更深更廣，如此緊密的互賴關係卻也可能帶來更多產生分歧的機會。歐盟與中國雖然各自的發展模式和對全球治理的想法不盡相同，但歐中關係仍基於經貿利益長期穩健發展並在氣候、科技、發展等議題有進一步合作。不過如前所述，經貿互賴在合作之餘也容易衍生合作中的分歧，特別是當重大國際事件發生或雙邊關係出現結構性轉變的因素時，不滿意的一方勢必想調整自身在互賴關係中的定位。新自由制度主義對互賴的分析著重國家之間的互賴或國家與國際組織等之間的互動，但在歐中之間的貿易衝突中，其中所涉具戰略性質的產業確實影響了歐盟對於調節經貿互賴的回應手段，此外歐盟本身作為超國家組織的性質也使其調適脆弱性的模式時需要考慮更複雜的治理環境，因此本研究試圖探究產業因素在歐盟調節互賴關係中脆弱性的角色，以太陽能光伏產品與電動車兩個案例分析歐盟在不同產業的貿易衝突中如何選擇政策工具組合以增加自身於歐中關係的自主性。本章將依序介紹本研究之研究動機、目的、方法和架構，並接著說明本研究的研究範圍與限制，最後在文獻回顧中整理至今對相關問題的研究。

The European Union (EU), as a paradigmatic case of post-war neo-functionalist regional integration, has long relied on economic and trade instruments as central tools of its external policies. Such approaches have generated varying degrees and forms of interdependence between the EU and third countries. While deeper interdependence can facilitate broader and more intensive cooperation, it simultaneously increases the potential for divergence and conflict. When economic interdependence gives rise to conflicts, actors may seek to adjust their positions within interdependent relationships. This study examines the role of industrial factors in the EU’s management of vulnerability in interdependence. Through case studies of solar photovoltaic products and electric vehicles, it analyzes how the EU selects and combines policy instruments across different industries in order to enhance its strategic autonomy in EU–China relations.

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